Reconstruction Of Thumb Deformity Surgery

Polydactyly, also known as duplicity of fingers, refers to the abnormal growth or supernumerary presence of fingers, finger bones, pure soft tissue components, or metacarpal bones beyond the normal hand structure. It is the most common congenital malformation of the hand in clinical practice, with a higher incidence in males than females, and a higher occurrence in the right hand compared to the left hand.

 

The external appearance and structure of polydactyly can vary significantly. Some cases have well-developed structures resembling normal fingers, complete with bone joints, tendons, nerves, blood vessels, and nails. Their movement often resembles that of the primary finger. In contrast, others may consist of only a small piece of skin and tissue connected to the hand via a pedicle. Polydactyly deformity is frequently found in the thumb and little finger and often coexists with other deformities such as short fingers and syndactyly.

 

What are the etiological factors underlying this condition? In some cases, it has a genetic basis with evidence of intergenerational inheritance. Environmental factors can influence embryonic development, including certain drugs, viral infections, trauma, exposure to radiation, and particularly pollution from modern industrial activities, all of which can act as teratogenic factors. Early damage during limb bud differentiation is a significant factor contributing to polydactyly.

 

How can we prevent such diseases? Strengthening prenatal care and nutrition during pregnancy, avoiding respiratory tract infections, and minimizing exposure to teratogenic factors such as radiation and certain drugs are important preventive measures. In the event of discovering polydactyly in a child, it is essential not to panic. Instead, follow the advice of specialized physicians, choose an appropriate surgical time, and adequately prepare for the preoperative period. Regular postoperative examinations and enhancing finger function through exercises are crucial for optimal recovery.The earlier surgery is performed for polydactyly, the more beneficial it is for the physical and psychological development of the child.

 

 

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